Biochemical Changes in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients and its Association with Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease is a condition in which progressive changes, irreversible decline & body’s ability fail in maintaining metabolic fluids & electrolytes balance, resulting in uremia Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the urea, creatinine, hemoglobin and eGFR of symptomatic CKD patients with a view to check if there is any association of diabetes mellitus and hypertension with Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) and to classify patients into five stages of CKD on the basis of eGFR Methods: A cross sectional study was performed at Nephrology wards Of Tertiary Care Hospitals Lahore. With informed consent and predesigned questionnaire, 100 individuals of varying ages were included in the study. Data were gathered and statistically analyzed Results: According to the results found in this study mostly patients are suffering from CKD stage 4 & 5 which is 47% of all. Investigation and characterization of eGFR, hypertension & diabetes mellitus at gross level showed that the patients of beyond age of 35 years were suffering with CKD stage 4 & 5. Relationship of diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension with CKD depend stronger in younger ages. Patients more than 45 year of age having CKD stage 4 & 5 and patients with CKD stage 3 are between ages 35 to 45 years Conclusions: On the basis of data collected in this study it is clearly evident that there is positive association of diabetes and hypertension with CKD in younger ages. Biochemical parameters are also greatly varied in chronic kidney disease patients (CKD).

Key words:

Chronic kidney diseases, Chronic renal failure, Hemodialysis, Transplantation, eGFR, Hypertension.